Gadolinium
64
Gd
Gruppe
n/a
Periode
6
Blokk
f
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
64
64
93
Generelle eigenskapar
Atomnummer
64
Atommasse
157,25
Mass Number
157
Kategori
Lantanid
Farge
Silver
Radioactive
Nei
From gadolinite, a mineral named for Gadolin, a Finnish chemist
Krystallstruktur
Simple Hexagonal
Historie
Gadolinium was first detected spectroscopically in 1880 by the Swiss chemist Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac who separated its oxide.
He observed spectroscopic lines due to gadolinium in samples of gadolinite and in the separate mineral cerite.
The metal was isolated by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1886.
He observed spectroscopic lines due to gadolinium in samples of gadolinite and in the separate mineral cerite.
The metal was isolated by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1886.
Elektron per energinivå
2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
Gadolinium has the highest neutron cross-section among any stable nuclides
Fysiske eigenskapar
Tilstandsform
Fast stoff
Tettleik
7,895 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
1585,15 K | 1312 °C | 2393,6 °F
Kokepunkt
3546,15 K | 3273 °C | 5923,4 °F
Smeltevarme
10 kJ/mol
Fordampingsvarme
305 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
0,236 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
0,00052%
Abundance in Universe
2×10-7%
CAS Number
7440-54-2
PubChem CID Number
23982
Atom eigenskapar
Atomradius
180 pm
Kovalent radius
196 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,2 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotensial
6,1501 eV
Molart volum
19,9 cm3/mol
Termisk konduktivitet
0,106 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstrinn
1, 2, 3
Applications
Gadolinium is used to make gadolinium yttrium garnets which have microwave applications.
It is also used in intravenous radiocontrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Gadolinium compounds are used for making green phosphors for color TV tubes, and in manufacturing compact discs.
It is also used in intravenous radiocontrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Gadolinium compounds are used for making green phosphors for color TV tubes, and in manufacturing compact discs.
Gadolinium is considered to be moderately toxic
Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
154Gd, 155Gd, 156Gd, 157Gd, 158Gd, 160GdUnstable Isotopes
134Gd, 135Gd, 136Gd, 137Gd, 138Gd, 139Gd, 140Gd, 141Gd, 142Gd, 143Gd, 144Gd, 145Gd, 146Gd, 147Gd, 148Gd, 149Gd, 150Gd, 151Gd, 152Gd, 153Gd, 159Gd, 161Gd, 162Gd, 163Gd, 164Gd, 165Gd, 166Gd, 167Gd, 168Gd, 169Gd