Niob

41
Nb
Gruppe
5
Periode
5
Blokk
d
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
41
41
52
Generelle eigenskapar
Atomnummer
41
Atommasse
92,90638
Mass Number
93
Kategori
Transisjonsmetall
Farge
Grå
Radioactive
Nei
Named after Niobe, the daughter of Tantalu
Krystallstruktur
Body Centered Cubic
Historie
Niobium was discovered by the English chemist Charles Hatchett in 1801 and named the new element columbium.

In 1846, German chemist Henrich Rose independently discovered the element and named it niobium.

The metal was first isolated by Swedish scientist Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand in 1864 who reduced the chloride by heating it in a hydrogen atmosphere.
Elektron per energinivå
2, 8, 18, 12, 1
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Kr] 4d4 5s1
Nb
Brazil is the leading producer of niobium
Fysiske eigenskapar
Tilstandsform
Fast stoff
Tettleik
8,57 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
2750,15 K | 2477 °C | 4490,6 °F
Kokepunkt
5017,15 K | 4744 °C | 8571,2 °F
Smeltevarme
26,8 kJ/mol
Fordampingsvarme
690 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
0,265 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
0,0017%
Abundance in Universe
2×10-7%
Ultrapure
Image Credits: Images-of-elements
Ultrapure niobium bead, slightly oxidized
CAS Number
7440-03-1
PubChem CID Number
23936
Atom eigenskapar
Atomradius
146 pm
Kovalent radius
164 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,6 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotensial
6,7589 eV
Molart volum
10,87 cm3/mol
Termisk konduktivitet
0,537 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstrinn
-1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Applications
Niobium is used in arc-welding rods for stabilized grades of stainless steel.

Niobium alloys are strong and are often used in pipeline construction.

The metal is used in superalloys for jet engines and heat resistant equipment.

Niobium is found in many medical devices such as pacemakers.
Some niobium compounds are highly toxic
Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
93Nb
Unstable Isotopes
81Nb, 82Nb, 83Nb, 84Nb, 85Nb, 86Nb, 87Nb, 88Nb, 89Nb, 90Nb, 91Nb, 92Nb, 94Nb, 95Nb, 96Nb, 97Nb, 98Nb, 99Nb, 100Nb, 101Nb, 102Nb, 103Nb, 104Nb, 105Nb, 106Nb, 107Nb, 108Nb, 109Nb, 110Nb, 111Nb, 112Nb, 113Nb