Iridium
77
Ir
Gruppe
9
Periode
6
Blokk
d
Proton
Elektron
Nøytron
77
77
115
Generelle eigenskapar
Atomnummer
77
Atommasse
192,217
Massetal
192
Kategori
Transisjonsmetall
Farge
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nei
From the Latin word iris meaning rainbow
Krystallstruktur
Flatesentrert kubisk
Historie
Iridium was discovered in 1803 by English chemist Smithson Tennant in London.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Elektron per energinivå
2, 8, 18, 32, 15, 2
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2
Iridium is the most corrosion-resistant metal known
Fysiske eigenskapar
Tilstandsform
Fast stoff
Tettleik
22,56 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
2739,15 K | 2466 °C | 4470,8 °F
Kokepunkt
4701,15 K | 4428 °C | 8002,4 °F
Smeltevarme
26 kJ/mol
Fordampingsvarme
560 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
0,131 J/g·K
Førekomst i jordskorpa
4×10-8%
Førekomst i universet
2×10-7%
CAS-nummer
7439-88-5
PubChem CID-nummer
23924
Atom eigenskapar
Atomradius
136 pm
Kovalent radius
141 pm
Elektronegativitet
2,2 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotensial
8,967 eV
Molart volum
8,54 cm3/mol
Termisk konduktivitet
1,47 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstrinn
-3, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Bruksområde
Iridium is used in making crucibles and other equipment that is used at high temperatures.
Iridium is also used as a hardening agent in platinum alloys.
Its resistance to arc erosion makes iridium alloys ideal for electrical contacts for spark plugs.
Radioactive isotopes of iridium are used in radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer.
Iridium is also used as a hardening agent in platinum alloys.
Its resistance to arc erosion makes iridium alloys ideal for electrical contacts for spark plugs.
Radioactive isotopes of iridium are used in radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer.
Iridium is considered to be of low toxicity
Isotopar
Stabile isotopar
191Ir, 193IrUstabile isotopar
164Ir, 165Ir, 166Ir, 167Ir, 168Ir, 169Ir, 170Ir, 171Ir, 172Ir, 173Ir, 174Ir, 175Ir, 176Ir, 177Ir, 178Ir, 179Ir, 180Ir, 181Ir, 182Ir, 183Ir, 184Ir, 185Ir, 186Ir, 187Ir, 188Ir, 189Ir, 190Ir, 192Ir, 194Ir, 195Ir, 196Ir, 197Ir, 198Ir, 199Ir