Osmium
76
Os
Gruppe
8
Periode
6
Blokk
d
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
76
76
114
Generelle eigenskapar
Atomnummer
76
Atommasse
190,23
Mass Number
190
Kategori
Transisjonsmetall
Farge
Slate Gray
Radioactive
Nei
From the Greek word osme, meaning smell
Krystallstruktur
Simple Hexagonal
Historie
Osmium was discovered in 1803 by English chemist Smithson Tennant in London.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Elektron per energinivå
2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
Osmium is the least abundant stable element in the Earth's crust
Fysiske eigenskapar
Tilstandsform
Fast stoff
Tettleik
22,61 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
3306,15 K | 3033 °C | 5491,4 °F
Kokepunkt
5285,15 K | 5012 °C | 9053,6 °F
Smeltevarme
31 kJ/mol
Fordampingsvarme
630 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
0,13 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
1,8×10-7%
Abundance in Universe
3×10-7%
Image Credits: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
Osmium crystals produced by chemical transport reaction in chlorine gas
CAS Number
7440-04-2
PubChem CID Number
23937
Atom eigenskapar
Atomradius
135 pm
Kovalent radius
144 pm
Elektronegativitet
2,2 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotensial
8,4382 eV
Molart volum
8,49 cm3/mol
Termisk konduktivitet
0,876 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstrinn
-2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Applications
Osmium is used alloyed with other metals in the platinum group to produce very hard alloys.
Osmium alloys are used in the tips of fountain pens, instrument pivots, and electrical contacts
Osmium tetroxide has been used in fingerprint detection and in staining fatty tissue for optical and electron microscopy.
Osmium alloys are used in the tips of fountain pens, instrument pivots, and electrical contacts
Osmium tetroxide has been used in fingerprint detection and in staining fatty tissue for optical and electron microscopy.
Even low concentrations in air can cause lung congestion, skin damage, or eye damage
Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
184Os, 187Os, 188Os, 189Os, 190Os, 192OsUnstable Isotopes
161Os, 162Os, 163Os, 164Os, 165Os, 166Os, 167Os, 168Os, 169Os, 170Os, 171Os, 172Os, 173Os, 174Os, 175Os, 176Os, 177Os, 178Os, 179Os, 180Os, 181Os, 182Os, 183Os, 185Os, 186Os, 191Os, 193Os, 194Os, 195Os, 196Os