Promethium

61
Pm
Gruppe
n/a
Periode
6
Blokk
f
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
61
61
84
Generelle eigenskapar
Atomnummer
61
Atommasse
[145]
Mass Number
145
Kategori
Lantanid
Farge
Silver
Radioactive
Ja
Named after the Greek Prometheus, who, according to mythology, stole fire from heaven
Krystallstruktur
n/a
Historie
The existence of an element between neodymium and samarium was first predicted by Czech chemist Bohuslav Brauner in 1902.

Promethium was first produced and characterized at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 1945 by Jacob A. Marinsky, Lawrence E. Glendenin and Charles D. Coryell.

It was produced by the separation and analysis of the fission products of uranium fuel irradiated in a graphite reactor.
Elektron per energinivå
2, 8, 18, 23, 8, 2
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Xe] 4f5 6s2
Pm
Promethium is the only lanthanide that has no stable isotopes
Fysiske eigenskapar
Tilstandsform
Fast stoff
Tettleik
7,26 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
1315,15 K | 1042 °C | 1907,6 °F
Kokepunkt
3273,15 K | 3000 °C | 5432 °F
Smeltevarme
7,7 kJ/mol
Fordampingsvarme
290 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
-
Abundance in Earth's crust
n/a
Abundance in Universe
n/a
Pitchblende,
Image Credits: Wikimedia Commons (Geomartin)
Pitchblende, a uranium ore and the host for most of Earth's promethium
CAS Number
7440-12-2
PubChem CID Number
n/a
Atom eigenskapar
Atomradius
183 pm
Kovalent radius
199 pm
Elektronegativitet
-
Ioniseringspotensial
5,582 eV
Molart volum
22,39 cm3/mol
Termisk konduktivitet
0,179 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstrinn
3
Applications
Promethium is also used in atomic batteries for spacecraft and guided missiles.

Promethium is also used to measure the thickness of materials by evaluating the amount of radiation from a promethium source that passes through the sample.

It has possible future uses in portable X-ray sources, and as auxiliary heat or power sources for space probes and satellites.
Promethium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
-
Unstable Isotopes
126Pm, 127Pm, 128Pm, 129Pm, 130Pm, 131Pm, 132Pm, 133Pm, 134Pm, 135Pm, 136Pm, 137Pm, 138Pm, 139Pm, 140Pm, 141Pm, 142Pm, 143Pm, 144Pm, 145Pm, 146Pm, 147Pm, 148Pm, 149Pm, 150Pm, 151Pm, 152Pm, 153Pm, 154Pm, 155Pm, 156Pm, 157Pm, 158Pm, 159Pm, 160Pm, 161Pm, 162Pm, 163Pm