Beryllium
4
Be
Gruppe
2
Periode
2
Blokk
s
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
4
4
5
Generelle eigenskapar
Atomnummer
4
Atommasse
9,012182
Mass Number
9
Kategori
Jordalkalimetall
Farge
Slate Gray
Radioactive
Nei
From the Greek word beryllos, beryl
Krystallstruktur
Simple Hexagonal
Historie
Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin discovered beryllium in the oxide form in both beryl and emeralds in 1798.
Friedrich Wöhler and Antoine Bussy independently isolated beryllium in 1828 by the chemical reaction of metallic potassium with beryllium chloride.
The first commercially-successful process for producing beryllium was developed in 1932 by Alfred Stock and Hans Goldschmidt.
Friedrich Wöhler and Antoine Bussy independently isolated beryllium in 1828 by the chemical reaction of metallic potassium with beryllium chloride.
The first commercially-successful process for producing beryllium was developed in 1932 by Alfred Stock and Hans Goldschmidt.
Elektron per energinivå
2, 2
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[He] 2s2
Emerald is a naturally occurring compound of beryllium
Fysiske eigenskapar
Tilstandsform
Fast stoff
Tettleik
1,85 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
1560,15 K | 1287 °C | 2348,6 °F
Kokepunkt
2742,15 K | 2469 °C | 4476,2 °F
Smeltevarme
7,95 kJ/mol
Fordampingsvarme
297 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
1,825 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
0,00019%
Abundance in Universe
1×10-7%
CAS Number
7440-41-7
PubChem CID Number
5460467
Atom eigenskapar
Atomradius
112 pm
Kovalent radius
96 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,57 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotensial
9,3227 eV
Molart volum
4,9 cm3/mol
Termisk konduktivitet
2,01 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstrinn
1, 2
Applications
Beryllium is used in nuclear reactors as a reflector or moderator.
Beryllium metal is used for lightweight structural components in the defense and aerospace industries in high-speed aircraft, guided missiles, space vehicles and satellites.
Unlike most metals, beryllium is virtually transparent to x-rays and hence it is used in radiation windows for x-ray tubes.
Beryllium metal is used for lightweight structural components in the defense and aerospace industries in high-speed aircraft, guided missiles, space vehicles and satellites.
Unlike most metals, beryllium is virtually transparent to x-rays and hence it is used in radiation windows for x-ray tubes.
Beryllium and its salts are toxic and should be handled with the greatest of care
Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
9BeUnstable Isotopes
5Be, 6Be, 7Be, 8Be, 10Be, 11Be, 12Be, 13Be, 14Be, 15Be, 16Be