Litium
3
Li
Gruppe
1
Periode
2
Blokk
s
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
3
3
4
Generelle eigenskapar
Atomnummer
3
Atommasse
6,941
Mass Number
7
Kategori
Alkalimetall
Farge
Silver
Radioactive
Nei
From the Greek word lithos, stone
Krystallstruktur
Body Centered Cubic
Historie
Lithium was discovered by Johann Arfvedson in 1817 when he was analyzing minerals from the island of Uto in Sweden.
The pure metal was isolated the following year by both Swedish chemist William Thomas Brande and English chemist Sir Humphry Davy working independently.
In 1855, larger quantities of lithium were produced through the electrolysis of lithium chloride by Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen.
The pure metal was isolated the following year by both Swedish chemist William Thomas Brande and English chemist Sir Humphry Davy working independently.
In 1855, larger quantities of lithium were produced through the electrolysis of lithium chloride by Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen.
Elektron per energinivå
2, 1
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[He] 2s1
Lithium is the only metal which reacts with nitrogen under normal conditions
Fysiske eigenskapar
Tilstandsform
Fast stoff
Tettleik
0,534 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
453,69 K | 180,54 °C | 356,97 °F
Kokepunkt
1615,15 K | 1342 °C | 2447,6 °F
Smeltevarme
3 kJ/mol
Fordampingsvarme
147 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
3,582 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
0,0017%
Abundance in Universe
6×10-7%
CAS Number
7439-93-2
PubChem CID Number
3028194
Atom eigenskapar
Atomradius
152 pm
Kovalent radius
128 pm
Elektronegativitet
0,98 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotensial
5,3917 eV
Molart volum
13,10 cm3/mol
Termisk konduktivitet
0,847 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstrinn
1
Applications
Pure lithium metal is used in rechargeable lithium ion batteries.
Lithium stearate is used as an all-purpose and high-temperature lubricant.
Lithium is used in special glasses and ceramics.
Metallic lithium and its complex hydrides are used as high energy additives to rocket propellants.
Lithium stearate is used as an all-purpose and high-temperature lubricant.
Lithium is used in special glasses and ceramics.
Metallic lithium and its complex hydrides are used as high energy additives to rocket propellants.
Lithium is corrosive and requires special handling to avoid skin contact
Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
6Li, 7LiUnstable Isotopes
4Li, 5Li, 8Li, 9Li, 10Li, 11Li, 12Li