Scandium
21
Sc
Gruppe
3
Periode
4
Blokk
d
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
21
21
24
Generelle eigenskapar
Atomnummer
21
Atommasse
44,955912
Mass Number
45
Kategori
Transisjonsmetall
Farge
Silver
Radioactive
Nei
From the Latin word Scandia, Scandinavia
Krystallstruktur
Simple Hexagonal
Historie
In 1879, Lars Fredrik Nilson and his team detected scandium in the minerals euxenite and gadolinite.
Nilson prepared 2 grams of scandium oxide of high purity.
Per Teodor Cleve showed that scandium had properties similar to those predicted by Mendeleev for eka-boron.
Metallic scandium was first prepared in 1937 by Fischer and his colleagues.
Nilson prepared 2 grams of scandium oxide of high purity.
Per Teodor Cleve showed that scandium had properties similar to those predicted by Mendeleev for eka-boron.
Metallic scandium was first prepared in 1937 by Fischer and his colleagues.
Elektron per energinivå
2, 8, 9, 2
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Ar] 3d1 4s2
The stable form of scandium is created in supernovas via the r-process
Fysiske eigenskapar
Tilstandsform
Fast stoff
Tettleik
2,989 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
1814,15 K | 1541 °C | 2805,8 °F
Kokepunkt
3109,15 K | 2836 °C | 5136,8 °F
Smeltevarme
16 kJ/mol
Fordampingsvarme
318 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
0,568 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
0,0026%
Abundance in Universe
3×10-6%
CAS Number
7440-20-2
PubChem CID Number
23952
Atom eigenskapar
Atomradius
162 pm
Kovalent radius
170 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,36 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotensial
6,5615 eV
Molart volum
15,0 cm3/mol
Termisk konduktivitet
0,158 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstrinn
1, 2, 3
Applications
Scandium is used in sports equipment such as golf iron shafts, baseball bats, bicycle frames and fishing rods.
Scandium iodide, along with sodium iodide, when added to a modified form of mercury-vapor lamp, produces a form of metal halide lamp.
The radioactive isotope 46Sc is used in oil refineries as a tracing agent.
Scandium iodide, along with sodium iodide, when added to a modified form of mercury-vapor lamp, produces a form of metal halide lamp.
The radioactive isotope 46Sc is used in oil refineries as a tracing agent.
Scandium is considered to be of low toxicity
Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
45ScUnstable Isotopes
36Sc, 37Sc, 38Sc, 39Sc, 40Sc, 41Sc, 42Sc, 43Sc, 44Sc, 46Sc, 47Sc, 48Sc, 49Sc, 50Sc, 51Sc, 52Sc, 53Sc, 54Sc, 55Sc, 56Sc, 57Sc, 58Sc, 59Sc, 60Sc