Kalium
19
K
Gruppe
1
Periode
4
Blokk
s
Proton
Elektron
Nøytron
19
19
20
Generelle eigenskapar
Atomnummer
19
Atommasse
39,0983
Massetal
39
Kategori
Alkalimetall
Farge
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nei
From the English word, potash - pot ashes; Latin kalium, Arab qali, alkali
Krystallstruktur
Romsentrert kubisk
Historie
Potassium's symbol K comes from 'kalium' the name of the element in Germany and Scandinavia.
Potassium metal was first isolated in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy, who derived it from caustic potash by the use of electrolysis of the molten salt with the newly discovered voltaic pile.
Potassium was the first metal that was isolated by electrolysis.
Potassium metal was first isolated in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy, who derived it from caustic potash by the use of electrolysis of the molten salt with the newly discovered voltaic pile.
Potassium was the first metal that was isolated by electrolysis.
Elektron per energinivå
2, 8, 8, 1
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Ar] 4s1
People whose diets are low in potassium can suffer from hypokalemia
Fysiske eigenskapar
Tilstandsform
Fast stoff
Tettleik
0,862 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
336,53 K | 63,38 °C | 146,08 °F
Kokepunkt
1032,15 K | 759 °C | 1398,2 °F
Smeltevarme
2,33 kJ/mol
Fordampingsvarme
76,9 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
0,757 J/g·K
Førekomst i jordskorpa
1,5%
Førekomst i universet
0,0003%
CAS-nummer
7440-09-7
PubChem CID-nummer
5462222
Atom eigenskapar
Atomradius
227 pm
Kovalent radius
203 pm
Elektronegativitet
0,82 (Paulings skala)
Ioniseringspotensial
4,3407 eV
Molart volum
45,46 cm3/mol
Termisk konduktivitet
1,024 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstrinn
-1, 1
Bruksområde
The greatest demand for potash has been in its use for fertilizers.
Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and is found in most soils.
Potassium nitrate is the main explosive ingredient in gunpowder.
Potassium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of soft soaps and as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries.
Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and is found in most soils.
Potassium nitrate is the main explosive ingredient in gunpowder.
Potassium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of soft soaps and as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries.
Potassium must be handled with great care with full skin and eye protection
Isotopar
Stabile isotopar
39K, 41KUstabile isotopar
32K, 33K, 34K, 35K, 36K, 37K, 38K, 40K, 42K, 43K, 44K, 45K, 46K, 47K, 48K, 49K, 50K, 51K, 52K, 53K, 54K, 55K